Note: costs mentioned below are given in US dollars as a general point of reference — actual prices vary by country, currency, and local market.
AAA's annual Your Driving Costs study puts the average cost of owning and running a new car in the US in the region of $10,000–$12,000 a year once depreciation, financing, insurance, fuel, maintenance and fees are all counted — with depreciation the single largest slice. A planner that tracks only fuel and loan payments captures perhaps 50-60% of true annual cost — the rest hides in insurance, maintenance, registration/tax and depreciation that owners rarely tally until trade-in time.
At a glance
| Cost category | Typical share of total annual cost |
|---|---|
| Depreciation | 35-40% |
| Financing (loan interest) | 5-10% |
| Insurance | 12-18% |
| Fuel/energy | 12-18% |
| Maintenance & repairs | 8-12% |
| Registration, fees & taxes | 3-6% |
Why an ownership planner needs six categories, not two
Most informal car budgets track loan payment and fuel because those are the recurring line items people actually see leave their bank account regularly. But depreciation — the value the car silently loses every year — is typically the single largest cost of ownership even though no bill ever arrives for it, and it only becomes visible at trade-in or sale, when it's too late to budget around. A genuine annual ownership planner needs to estimate depreciation, insurance, maintenance and fees alongside the obvious fuel and loan costs to give an honest total.
Depreciation: the invisible line item
A new car typically loses 15-20% of its value in year one and 10-15% per year through years two to five. On a $35,000 new car, that's roughly $5,250-$7,000 of value lost in the first year alone — more than most owners spend on fuel and maintenance combined that year, even though it never shows up as a transaction.
Insurance: the cost most tied to factors beyond the car itself
Annual premiums vary enormously by driver age, location, claims history and coverage level, but full coverage on a mid-range car commonly runs $1,200-$2,400/year in the US, with liability-only substantially less. Comprehensive/collision coverage adds meaningfully more for newer or pricier vehicles, since it insures against the vehicle's own replacement value, not just liability to others.
Maintenance: budget for both routine and the unexpected
| Maintenance type | Typical annual cost (average car) |
|---|---|
| Routine (oil, filters, wipers, fluids) | $200-$400 |
| Tyres (amortized over tyre life) | $150-$300 |
| Brakes (amortized) | $100-$250 |
| Unplanned repairs (average across fleet) | $300-$800 |
A planner should include an 'unplanned repair' buffer even in a year with no known issues, since averaged across a vehicle's life, unexpected repairs are a near-certainty most years, not an exception — treating them as a surprise each time they occur is a planning failure, not bad luck.
Building your own annual planner
- Estimate depreciation using your car's age-based curve (roughly 15-20% year one, 10-15% per year after) applied to current market value, not original purchase price.
- Add your actual insurance premium (check your policy declarations page for the exact annual figure).
- Estimate fuel/energy cost from your annual mileage and fuel economy (or electricity rate for EVs).
- Add routine maintenance based on your manufacturer's service schedule, plus a repair buffer of at least $300-$500/year for cars over 3 years old.
- Add registration, applicable road tax, and any loan interest (separate from principal, which isn't a 'cost' so much as building equity).
Why this matters most at the trade-in and next-purchase decision
Owners who only track fuel and payments often overestimate how 'cheap' an older paid-off car is to keep, missing that maintenance and repair costs climb as depreciation costs fall with age — the total cost curve is flatter over a vehicle's life than the visible-cost curve suggests, which changes the math on whether to keep an older car or upgrade.
Financing cost is often underestimated because buyers focus on the monthly payment rather than total interest paid — a 6-year loan at a slightly higher rate can cost substantially more in total interest than a 4-year loan at a similar rate, even with a lower monthly payment.
Frequently asked questions
What's the biggest hidden cost of car ownership?
How much should I budget for unexpected repairs each year?
Does a paid-off car cost less to own overall?
How is depreciation different for EVs versus gas cars?
Should insurance be based on my current premium or an estimate?
Sources & further reading
- AAA – Your Driving Costs Annual Study
- Kelley Blue Book – 5-Year Cost to Own Data
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics – Consumer Expenditure Survey (Transportation)
Figures, prices and policy details were current at the last-updated date above. Automotive pricing, incentives and regulations change frequently — verify time-sensitive details with the linked primary sources. Read our editorial policy and fact-checking standards.
